Tool



G. H. GILMAN July 29, 1930.

TOOL

Filed June 23. 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Patented July 29, v19340 f UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE l GEORGE H. GILMAN, or. oLAREMoN'r, NEW HAMPSHIRE, AssrGNoR 'ro sULLIvAiu MACHINERY COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS TOOL Application ledJune 23, 1919; Serial No. 306,014.

thevvorlring surface and for giving direction y to the Washed cuttings so that the latter do not interfere with the operationof the tool. Another. object of the present invention is to provide improved means for lubricating the toolWhenitis started, and thereby'render it unnecessary for an operator to detach the hose and injecta quantity of oil therein before starting, asis commonly done. lStill another object of the present `invention is to provide improved controlling vmeans for controlling the. motor,'the lubricating means, and the feeding means, so that the flow of compressed air, lubricant, and Water to the various parts of thev motor must necessarily occur 1n` a predetermined sequence to'thereby brlng'the operation. ofthe motor Within the control of even the most. unskilled operator. The foregoing and4 other objects of the invention Will best 'be understood from the following description of tWo forms or embodiments thereof illustrated in-the accompanying drawings.

1n these draWings,- Y 1 Fig. 1 `is a top plan view'of the` motor With the pneumatic feedingl means thereof shown partly in section. p Y

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectionalview thereof through the percussive motor taken substanti ally on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3, is a transverse sectionalvieu7 through the controlling means, taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Figtelis a transverse sectional View through a part of the rotating mechanism, taken substantially on the line ll--c ofFig. 2.

Fig. 5 vis another transverse sectional view through the rotatingmechanism, talrensubstantially on the line 5--5 Vof Fig. 2. y

\ Figs. 6, 8,- and 9 are partial longitudinal sectional views through the controlling"V mechanismv taken substantially on the lines 6 6,

8;-8, and 9-j9,`respectively, of Fig. 1, showing the controlling valve in different controlling'positions. Y I i Fig. 7 is another longitudinal. sectional vieuT through the controlling mechanism of v the motor, taken substantially on the line 2.-2 i" of Fig. 1.

Fig. `1() is a partial longitudinal section taken on line 10--10 of Fig. 3.

Fig. l1 is a transverse sectional vieW through a part of the feed controlling means, taken on line 11-11 of Fig. 1. y Y

Fig. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view of a modified form of pneumatic tool.

Fig. 13 is an enlarged detail of the lubricating valve.

In the illustrative construction shown in` Figs. 1 to 11, inclusive, I have shown a drilling apparatus having a pneumatic tool 1 and a controlling valve 2, With acontroller handle 3 therefor, a chuck 4C adapted to receive a drill steel 5, and to rotate the same during the drilling operation. The pneumatic tool 1 y is preferably4 fed forward `toward the Work by a feeding means, herein shown as operated by pressure fluid, the same having a feed cylinder 6, a feed piston `7 therein, With its piston rod '8, the latter having longitudinal openings 9 therethrough, through Which fluid is admitted, preferably by the controlling valve' 2, to properly feed the tool toward its ivorlr.- `Herein l have also shown a braking means 10- applied'` to the forward end of the feed cylinder and operable in a Well known mannerto brake a reciprocatory movement of thepiston rodS and thereby vary the movement of the? tool. As shown, my preferred formof braking means is controlled by a handle `12 which' actuates a Worm 13', the Worm in turn operating a Worm gearV 141, and the gear 14 actuates one end of a coiled spring 15 which surrounds and may be made to frictionallyv engage the feed piston rod 16, it bespringis attached to the feed cylinder' or means cooperating therewith.

'llie'piston 18 ofthe tool is preferably reing understood that the other end ofthe ciprocated by compressed fair admitted Y through an inlet 19, ports 20, and `a recess v 21 in the piston to bypasses 22,Which in turn open into the opposite ends ofthe cylinder tool, I also provide a hollow handle or arm 25 by means of which the operator may hold the tool against rotation, and which also serves in a well known manner as an oil reservoir from which lubricant may be taken to Vlubricate the different parts of the motor.

AAs is clearly shown in F ig. 3, the hollow interior 26 of this handle communicates through suitable ports 27 with a recess 28, Apreferably spooled out of the inner end of the handle" 25, this recess 28 in turn communicating with a lubricant controlling valve 29 (sec Figs. l() and 13) and also with a passageway 30 in the rear cylinder head 3l; ThisY valve 29 is preferablyv placed in a dowel pin 32 which 'holds the cylinder 33 and the cylinder head .Slagainst relative rotation as shown in Fig". l0. As the piston i8 is reciprocated'in the cylinder 33, varying air pressures in vapassageway 34 in the rear cylinder head, which conducts pressure fiuid from the hollow center of the valve 2 of the'cylinder 33, intermittently raises the valve head 35 of the small oil controlling valve 29 against the action of a spring 36, and permits a small quantity of pressure fluid-to enterthe oil reservoir by way of a port 34a, annular groove 32, and a transverse passage32b in turn communicating with alongitudinal'passage 35a`controlled by the valve head 35 of the: valve 29. Fluid Y pressure flows pastthe valve 29 andto the reservoir 26'by. way of a transverse passage 35a communicating with the bore for the valve 29 and an annular vgroove 36b from which apassage 3la`leads'to thereservoir 26, it being understood that the valve 29 is not a tight fit and hence allows sufficient Vleakage of pressure fluid thereby. l Eluid pressure can flow to the reservoir or a small. quantity of oil may pass from the reservoir into the cylinder. Due to the 'fluctuating pressur within'the chamber 34 thepressure within the reservoir will at times be greater than in said reservoir and accordingly lubricant will beforced past the valve and into the chamber 34. In actual practice an ordinary runningfit for the valve is sufficient to permitV oil to pass from the reservoir to the chamber 34erY air pressure to passv'froin the ychamber tothe reservoir. When the machine is not inoperation, Vthe small coiled spring 36 holds the valve V35 against itsseat and prevents leakage of oil into the cylinder.

. The oil -duct 30V preferably communicates `Wi'thga short groove 37 formed in theouter surface Jof'the bushing 38 of the conical Vvalve member 39 and conducts oil from the reservoir toa longitudinal ,groove 40,/whicli in turnY in one position" of the valve deposits some of this oil in a small external oil reservoir, recess, or pocket 4l, through suitable L holes 42`cut 4through*the valve bushing. ln

vthelongitudinal groove and pocket 41, and

as the valve is turned the oil in the groove will be deposited in the pocket 43, the how of air from the conical valve 2 to the pneumatic cylinder 33 to actuate the piston 18 carrying lubricant from the pocket 43 and depositing this initial charge in the cylinder before suflicient pressure has been created in the reservoir or handle 25 to cause lubricant to flow past the lubricant controlling valve 29 into the cylinder. Then the valve member 39 turned tothe position illustrated inF ig. 7, asmall radial opening 46Y in the valve inember 39 communicates with one of the openings 42and forces the oil from the pocket 4l through the other opening 42, a groove 4T formed preferably in the wall of the conical valve member 39, and through a longitudinal duct 48, into the forward end of the cylinder and preferably into the ratchet mechanism 49 which rotates thechucl: and the steel.

This rotating mechanisminay be of a varietyV of forms, but herein Yit is illustrated as a ratchetv ring 50, preferably formed of substantially the/same diameter as the cylinder 33, and a ratchetwhecl 5l carrying suitable spring pressed pawls 52 which cooperate with teethon the inner surface of the ratchet ring 50. rlhis ratchet wheel is also provided withvrifled feathers 53 which co-operate with rified grooves 54 on a hammer bar 55 to rotate the chuck, this rotation being transmit` ted from the rifle bar to the chuck by longitudinal grooves 56, herein shown as formed on the rifle-bar, and cooperating longitudinal feathers 5? formed on the inner surface of the chuck.

The ailing mechanism above described will inject a suflicient quantity of oil into the rotating mechanism to lubricate this during the starting period, the pocket or recess 4l being made as large or small as desired, it being preferably made quitesinall, for in practice it has o een found that when spotting a hele the operator will turn the valve off and on several times, and since at each operation of the .handleV from a neutral position, a charge of oil is Vforced into the rotating mechanism, a larve pocket is not required. While, if desired,I means may be provided for lubricating the clinch during operation from the oil reservoir 25,1V preferably provide a lsecond oil reservoir 58, preferably formed on fiamme p theretainer through-a small duct 60 and chine `during its-operationwill feed the oil downwardly through theduct 60 to the bearing surfaces between the chuck and the sleeve `tfand vintotherotating mechanism in sulii- `cient quantity to adequately lubricate the 'bearing-surfaces and the rotating mechanism.V

#The initial supply of lubricant is preferably injected into the rotating mechanism, as

shown in Fig;` 7, just-'previous to the forward movement of the pneumatic tool toward the work,l`which movement, as illustrated in Fig.

'8, is `brought about bythe permitting of a flow of pressure fluid from the conical valve `member 39 of the valve'2, preferably through a small port 6l which is formedin the valve inadvance of the main port G2 and the recess M63communicating therewith, so that when even an Vunskilled opera-tor turns the valverto feed the tool toward the work but Va small means be availed of, by-taking advantage of the flow ofV pressure fluid through the relatively large port 62.` Y As the valve isthus turned to use the ad-` ditional pressure'in the .feeding means, a` small' port 64: (Figz 10) permits the flow of y pressure fluid to the pneumatic tool to start the'latter slowly and carry a small quantity of oil from the pocket i3 intothe motor. The use ofthis small port- 64 which is preferably formed in the valve in advance of the'main port 65 for controlling the flow to the pneumaticcylinder 33, is a feature of the present invention, for it limits the operation .of the piston on; the steel during the spotting` of the `hole and tends to keep the Vsteel from jumping about on the face of the work, especially when the holeis to be spotted-on an inclined surface. f 1 c E"-'Before the valve member 39 is rotated far enough topeijmit a flow of pressure duid to vthe pneumatic tool, and Vpreferably simulta- Ineously with the inJection-of oil to the rotating mechanism, asmall portv 66 formed on l the valve member 39 in `advance of the large port 67 and recess 68 (Fig-7) communicates with a port 69formed in the 'valve bushing, and with a ductl 70, to-,carry pressure iiuid therethrough and through a laterallyaper` vtured spacing member 7l tothe interior of a tube 7 2, which -is preferably brazedv to .said

spacing member and whichextends .axially fthrough the `piston into the bore 73` ofthe 'a compressible packing 75, so that the forward iiow of the cuttings.

tappet 7 4, herein shown as placed withinthe. chuck. The tube 72 at its rear end is preferablyl held liixedly in the .rear cylinder head by the spacing member and also by means of ward `end of this tube does not extend through the tappet but Apreferably terminates a small distance short ofthe front end thereof.` -This initial flow of air through this tube clears the steel of cuttings and other foreign mat'erial. As the valve member 39 is turned further through manipulation of thehandle 3,

water is conducted from a water hose 76 and suitablecouplings 77 and a groove 7 8, shown i herein as formed on the outer surface of the valve member 39 (F ig. I9), through a duct 79 and a recess 8O to the interior of an axially `apertured gland plug 81, and therefrom through an inner tube 82'also extending axially through the piston and herein shown as Vplaced within the air tube 7 2.? Theforward end of this tube preferably extends within the water to the interior of the steel at a point in front of the terminal of the tube 72. `When Jthe bore 83 of the hollow drill steel to conduct f both water and airrare flowing to the hollow Y drill steel to wash `the cuttings away from the `working end thereof, the air admitted through the tube 72 forms a seal around the front endof the water tube 82,between the latter and the innerwall of the-steel, and also around the bottom of the drill shank, to prevent cuttings which are washeddown the drillshank to the interior ofthe chuck from flowing through the tappet and into-the ro- 'tatinfT mechanism and the cylinder 3? The tappet 74;"'delivers the blow from the piston rod extension o-r rifle barV 55 tothe steel and partially closes` the` front end ofthe pneumatic motor, andpcooperating with the air seal above described,completely closes the frontend of the pneumatic tool to the downl The latter are l directed from the inner bore of the chuck to substantially radial openings 8a which communicate with passageways df which direct the cuttings substantially parallel to the axis of the motorandtend to prevent their being thrown out-ward onto the operator as the chuck is rotated during the drilling operation. rlhe tubes 72 and 82ers held fixedly in the rear cylinder head 8l by the gland plug .8l and vin spaced relation byV thev spacing member 7l, each of these members being in communication with separate ductsto supply separate fluids to each of these tubes,and .the rear end of thegland and the recess 8O removal ofthe pneumatic-feeding means, by Y merelyremoving the cover 85 and the glandV i nlug 8l through the rear sidefof the-cylinder f hea-d. i l

In thisposition, (Fig. 6) which I preferably p term the neutral position, the oil passage l() is in communication' with the pocket lll, and the oil reservoir 25, andthe pocket is lilledY with lubricant. When the handle is rotated -to the position shown in Fig. 7, an initialsupply of oil is injected into the rotating mech-` anism and a smallquantity of pressure fluid is admitted through the rtube 72 to clear the hollow bore of the steel. As the valve is turned further to the position shown inFig. 8, airis admitted through the small port 6l to the feeding means to 'feed the cylinder 33 forward slowly toward the worlr, the air flowing through the tube still continuing. The groove 68 is so formed that during the succeeding operation of the controlling handle pressure fluid may be continuously admitted through the tube 2 to clearaway the cuttings and to carryv the water to the working surface and prevent the cuttings from entering the tappet rotating mechanism or the cylin der 83. When the valve is in the position shown in Fig. 9, water is admitted to the inner tube 82 Yand is carried forward by the air to the cutting end of the steel, the groove 63 now being in communication with thefeed cylinder to force the bit hard against the material to be cut. Vhenthe valve is in the final or open position illustrated in Fig.V l0, the

pneumatic motor is operating at itsfulll power to drive the bit forward into the'roclr,

oilis being admitted through the valve 29l from the reservoir 25 to lubricate the motor,

` air and water are being admitted through the respective tubes to the innerY bore of the drill steel, and the ratchet mechanism is being` lu-l bricated vfrom the reservoir 58.

If desired, the preferrred form of'my in` vention as illustrated in Figs. l to 1l, inclusive, maybe modified by omitting the rotating mechanism, as illustrated in Fig. l2, the tappet 86 being operated on directly by the piston to drive the'steel forward, the air tube 87 terminating preferably within thistappet in 'the same manner as described above and illustrated in ig. 2. Also, if desired, the motor may be used as a dry stoper by doing away with the water hose 76 and its connections 77, or by using a different valve member 88 in place of the con` ical valve member 89, which does not have the ports and grooves necessary for placingV th water hose-7G in communication with the inner axial, water tubev 82, it beingunderstood that when the apparatus is used as a drystoper neither of these water tubes is required, and that both may be accordingly dispensed with.

It will thus be seen that I have provided an improved drillingtool in which all the parts are adequately lubricated and in which Vaninitial supply of lubricant is provided Vfor all the working parts, so that if the apparatus is taken Afrom stock for use 1n a mine or quarry 1t is not necessary to disassemble and pack the different parts in grease preparatory to the starting. It will also be noted that in the lubricating system for the cylinder, the varying -pressure in the clinder is utilized for building up a pressure in the receiver 25, which pressure positively forces the oil from this reservoir to the controlling valve to lubricate the latter, and to the groove l0 and pocket 4l, insuring adequate supply of oil to these recesses and also from the' reservoir through the intermittently acting valve 29 to the motor. It will Vfurther be noted that by my improved con- `Another feature of the invention is the im-A -proved controlling means whereby an initial iiow to the fecdcylinder and an initial flow to theV pneumatic toolare'provided so that the tool is fed slowly toward the work and is startedfslowly to facilitate the spotting of a hole. The improved'controlling valve also provides means for preventing the flows to the feeding means, to the motor, to the lubrieating means, and to the hollow drill steel in an improper sequence so that even the most unskilled'operator will not cause damage to the tool or cause delay in starting-a hole by an improper manipulation of the controllingmeanmor that the operator will not carelessly blow cuttin gs into his face n or the faces of other operators, causing injury to'himself and others and causing delay in the working of the cutting or tunnel.

While I have in this application specifically described two embodiments which Vmy invention may assume Vin practice, i-t will be understood that these forms are used for il- Ylustrative purposes, and that the invention by Letters Patentis: i

I In a fluid actuated motor having a pluraiity 'of parts including a cylinderand a lll) rear head member,.means for holdingsaid head vmember and cylinder against relative movement including `a .dowel pin, a lubricant reservoir and passage means `for placing said reservoir in communication with said cylinder including passage means 'through said dowel pin, and an automatic valve in said dowel pin for controlling flow oflubricant from said reservoir to the motor. 2. In a pressure fluid motor,a cylinder, a

cylinder liead,imeans vforming a lubricant reservoir attached to said head, a pressure chamber formed in said head, apassage connecting said reservoir "with said pressure chamber, a discharge passage connecting said reservoir with said cylinder, and means responsive to the pressure conditions in said motor cylinder for controlling the flow ofV lubricant from said reservoir thereto.

3. In a pressure fluidmotor, a cylinder, a

l cylinder head, a lubricant reservoir, a valve a chuck rotating mechanism, a plurality 0f fluid conducting means for supplying a cleansing liquid and a cleansing'fluid to a hollow tool receivable in said chuck, a lubricant reservoir, and a single controlling means for admitting an initial. flow of oil to the rotating mechanism, a flow of fluid to one of said conducting means, and a flow of pressure fluid to said cylinder. e

5. In a motor, a cylinder, a piston therein,

pneumatic cylinder feeding means, a chuck,

a chuck rotating mechanism, a plurality of fluid conducting means for supplying a cleansing liquid and a cleansing fluid to a hollow tool receivable in said chuck, alubricant reservoir, and a single controlling means for admitting an initial flow of oil to the rotating mechanism, a flow of fluid to one of said conducting means, a flow of pressure fluid to said feeding means, and a flow of pressure fluid to said cylinder, the flow of fluid to said cylinder being permitted after said other fluid flows as the controlling means is moved from neutral position.

6. In a motor, a cylinder, a piston therein, pneumatic cylinder feeding means, a chuck, a chuck rotating mechanism, a plurality of fluid conducting members for supplying a cleansing liquid and a cleansing fluid to a hollow tool receivable in said chuck, a lubricant reservoir, and a singlel controlling means for admitting an initial flow of oil .to the rotating `mechanism., Va flow of fluid to one of said conducting meansan initial, predetermined flow of pressure fluid to said feeding` means, and a flow of :pressure `'fluid to said cylinder, the flow of fluid to said cylinder being admitted last as said controlling` means is moved from neutral `po sition.

7. In a tool, a pressure fluidmotorcomprising a cylinder and a piston therein, a tool chuck, a-chuck rotating ,mechanisim .a fluid conducting means for conducting a cleansing fluid to a hollow tool receivablein said chuck, a lubricant reservoir, and a single valve for effectingV an initial flow of lubri-` cant to said motor cylinder and to said rotating mechanism, a "flow of cleansing fluid to said cleansing means, and a flow o'f pres sure fluid to said motor cylinder, `said events v occurring in a predetermined sequence. y

8. In a tool, a pressure fluid motor com` prising a cylinder and a piston therein, a tool chuck, a Vchuck rotating niechanisima plurality of fluid conducting means for conducting ka cleansing liquid and a cleansing fluid toa hollow tool receivable in said chuck, a lubricant reservoir, and a single valve for effecting an initial flow of lubricant to said motor cylinder and to said rotating mechanism, and a flow of cleansing fluid to one of said `cleansing fluid conduct ing means, and thereafter a flow of pressure fluid to said inotor cylinder, and a Aflow of liquid to said other cleansing fluid conducting means, said events occurring in a predetermined sequence.

9. In a tool, a pressure prising a cylinder` and a piston therein, a tool chuck, a ,chuck rotating mechanism, a` vplurality of fluid conductingmeans for conducting a cleansing` fluid to a hollow tool re-` c'eivablein said chuck, a lubricant reservoir,

and a single valve for leffecting an initial flow of `lubricant to said motor cylinder, and to said rotating mechanism, and a flow of cleansing fluidto said cleansing means, and for thereafter admitting a flow of pressure fluid to said motor cylinder, said events occurring in a predetermined sequence.`

10. In a tool, a gpressurefluid motor comprising a cylinder and a piston therein, a

tool chuck, a chuck rotating `mechanism,"a"

fluid actuated feeding mechanism, a fluid'conducting means for conducting a `cleansing fluid to a hollow tool yreceivable in said chuck,

alubricant reservoir, and a single valve for edecting an initial flow of lubricant to said motor cylinder, and to said rotating inieclianism, a flow of cleansing lluidto said cleans` `ing means, thereafter a flow of pressure fluidto said feeding mechanism, and thereafter a flow ofpressure fluid Vto said motor cylinder,

fluid motor com ies iin

iis

said events occurring in a predetermined sequence.

l1. In a tool a pressure fluid motor comprising a cylinder and a piston therein, a tool chuck, a chuck rotating mechanism, a fluid actuated feeding mechanism, a plurality of fluid conducting meansk for conducting air and Water to a hollow tool receivable in said chuck, a lubricant reservoir, and a single valve for effecting an initial flow of lubricant t0 said motor cylinder and to said rotating mechanism, a flow of air to one of said cleansing fiuidl vconducting means, thereafter a flow of pressure fluid to said feeding mechanism, and thereafter a flow of pressure fluid to said motor cylinder and a flowof liquid to said other cleansing fluid conducting means, said eventsoccurring in a predetermined sequence.

12. In a tool, a pressure fluid motor coinprising a cylinder and a piston therein, a tool chuck, a chuck rotating mechanism, and a fluid actuated feeding mechanism, aplurality of fluid conductingY means for conducting air and water to a hollow tool receivable in said chuck, a lubricant reservoir, and a single valve for successively effecting an initial flow of lubricant to said motor cylinder and to said rotating mechanism, and a How of air through said air tube, a flow of pressure fluid to said feeding mechanism, a flow of water to said cleansing fluid conducting means, and a flow of pressure fluid to said motor, said events occurring in a predetermined sequence. .i

13. In a tool, a pressure fluid motor comprising a cylinder and a pistontherein, a tool chuck, a chuck rotating mechanism, a fluid actuated feeding mechanism, a plurality of fluid conducting means for conducting air and water to a hollow tool receivable in said chuck, a lubricant reservoir, anda single valve for successively effecting an initial fiow of lubricantrto said motor cylinder andV to said rotating mechanism anda flow of air through said air tube, a flow of' pressure fluid to said feeding mechanism, a flow of Water to said Vcleansing fluidconducting i means, Vand a flow of pressure fluid to said motor, said events occurring in a predetermined sequence, and automatic means responslve to pressure conditions within said motor for controlling a separate supply of A lubricant from said reservoir to said motor cylinder.

14. In a tool, a pressure iiuid motor comprising a cylinder and a piston therein, a tool chuck, a chuck rotating mechanism, a fluid actuated feeding mechanism,`air and water tubes for conducting cleansing fluid to a hollow tool receivable in said chuck, a lubricantl reservoir, a pressure chamber communicating with the motor distribution passages, a

passage connecting said pressure `chamber with said reservoir, a controlling valve having an oil pocket therein, and passages connecting said pocket with said reservoir and i with said rotating mechanism, said valve be- GEORGE H. GILMAN.

CERTIFICATE 0F CORRECTION.

Patent No. l,77l,675. Granted July 29, 1930, to

GEORGE H. GILMAN.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, line 44, after the Werd "cylinder" insert the words "when pressure'has been built up in said reservoir"; page 4, line 62, for "th" read the, and line 79, for the misspelled word "clinder" read cylinder; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 23rd day 0f September, A. D. 1930.

M. J. Moore, (Seal) Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

